The Role of l Carnitine in Mitochondria, Prevention of Metabolic Inflexibility and Disease Initiation Short Note On Carnitine Shuttle: Fatty acids are oxidized in mitochondria, and synthesized in the cytoplasm. Long chain fatty acids must form an active intermediate, fatty acyl CoA, before being oxidized inside mitochondria. Catherine Disorders of mitochondrial long chain fatty acid oxidation and the carnitine shuttle Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders Springer Nature Link The Importance of the Fatty Acid Transporter L Carnitine in Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Comprehensive review of the expanding roles of the carnitine pool in metabolic physiology: beyond fatty acid oxidation Journal of Translational Medicine Springer Nature Link